The rendering, as nearly as practicable, of a promised performance through a judgment or decree; specif., a court-ordered remedy that requires precise fulfillment of a legal or contractual obligation when monetary damages are inappropriate or inadequate, as when the sale of real estate or a rare article is involved. • Specific performance is an equitable […]
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bill for specific performance 强制履约诉状 衡平法上为促使负有履行义务的一方当事人切实履行合同而提出的诉状。它是不经法庭强制而迫使一方当事人适当履行其本应履行的义务的一种方式。
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specific performance 特定履行 衡平法上对违反合同的一种救济，指强制被告实际履行其合同义务，也即令其完全按原合同中他所承担从事之事来履行清偿。这是一种特殊的、非常性质的救济，法院有自由裁量之权，但也按先例所定之原则行使。这是一种对人诉讼，如果被告不在管辖区内，则特定履行令就不能发出。特定履行只适用于依普通法赔偿损失的方法对其损失不能充分补偿的合同，该合同应该是肯定的合同，对其赔偿损失尚非足够补偿；该合同应是一个待履行的合同，而不是已履行完的合同；而且该合同必须在各个实质性的方面具体确定，必须不是非法或不平等、不公平、不合理的合同。如果合同涉及连续的行为而需法院加以监督时，法院就不强制合同之履行；此外，对个人之承揽与服务、不能交互执行之合同、纯从属于一份不能执行之主合同的合同、给付金钱之合同，或者特定履行令将是无意义的，或者金钱赔偿之偿付将是合适的等情况，法院也都不会执行特定履行。在某种场合，原告可能在某些完全按约履行属于非物质的不能时，以特定履行获得赔偿。在法院能命令特定履行时，法院可以判令损失赔偿以替代特定履行，或在特定履行之外另加损失赔偿。
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specific performance. The rendering, as nearly as practicable, of a promised performance through a judgment or decree; specif., a court-ordered remedy that requires precise fulfillment of a legal or contractual obligation when monetary damages are inappropriate or inadequate, as when the sale of real estate or a rare article is involved. • Specific performance is
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part performance 部分履行 １指完成合同义务之部分而非全部；２指一方当事人依据对方当事人的口头允诺而作的履行，它是口头合同的充分条件，法院可以据此而排除防止欺诈法〔statute of frauds〕之适用；３即指「部分履行规则」〔part-performance doctrine〕。它是一项衡平法原则，如果根据法律规定，某一合同——例如土地买卖合同——须以书面形式作为证据，但其未作成书面形式的，只要合同已得到部分履行，例如买受人已经占有买卖标的物(例如土地)或者已经支付相当部分的价款，则法院可以作出判决，要求实际履行合同〔specific performance〕。英国1925年《财产法》〔Law of Property Act〕即承认该项原则，多用于土地及土地权益的买卖或其他处分中。在美国，该项衡平法原则主要指在口头允诺的情况下，通过一方当事人的履行而避免防止欺诈法的适用。
A remedy whereby the injured party is awarded the very performance that was contractually promised or whereby the injury threatened or caused by a tort is prevented or repaired. • A court awards a specific remedy by ordering a defaulting seller of goods to deliver the specified goods to the buyer (as opposed to paying
specific, adj. 1. Of, relating to, or designating a particular or defined thing; explicit (specific duties). 2. Of or relating to a particular named thing (specific item). 3. Conformable to special requirements (specific performance). — specificity (spes-[schwa]-fis-i-tee), n. — specifically, adv.
place of performance. The place where a promise is to be performed, either by specific provision or by interpretation of the language of the promise.
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part-performance doctrine. The equitable principle by which a failure to comply with the statute of frauds is overcome by a party’s execution, in reliance on an opposing party’s oral promise, of an oral contract’s requirements. — Sometimes shortened to part performance. See part performance under PERFORMANCE. [Cases: Frauds, Statute of 129.] “Part performance is not
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land court 〈美〉土地法院 对有关土地的事项有管辖权的法院，包括：１对土地权属登记的申请与相关问题、进占令〔writs of entry〕、明确不动产权属的申请、确定市政区划法规、条例的效力与适用范围的申请、因欠税而被拍卖的地产的赎回权及取消赎回权的程序具有专属初审管辖权；２对作出宣告性判决的案件与最高法院、高级法院和遗嘱检验法院共享初审管辖权；３对有关土地的事项与其他法院有共同的衡平法上的初审管辖权(强制履行土地合同〔specific performance of land contracts〕的案件除外)。现在只有马萨诸塞州和夏威夷州还存在土地法院。